"Charged with public intoxication in his own backyard."

There are several things worth noting about these warnings. First, in most
instances, an officer will find it nearly impossible to anticipate whether a subject suffers
from any of the conditions listed. For example, except where pregnancy is fairly
advanced, an officer is not likely to know a woman is pregnant. No officer would likely
be able to discern that an individual suffers from a pre-existing injury or condition such
as osteoporosis, osteopenia,, spinal injuries, diverticulitis, or previous muscle, disc,
ligament, or tendon damage. An officer is unlikely to know whether a subject suffers
from a respiratory impairment such as asthma,5 or from a pre-existing cardiovascular
condition.

Moreover, with respect to pregnancy, Taser International warns against use of a
taser on a pregnant woman because of the risk that she would suffer from involuntary
muscle contractions, thereby increasing the risk that she will fall and damage the fetus.
The warnings listed above do not include any mention of risk to the fetus of the electrical
shock itself. Nevertheless, there have been cases in which women have miscarried after
being tasered. In the City of Chula Vista, Cindy Grippi was six-months pregnant when
she was tasered and she miscarried twelve hours after being shot. The autopsy report did
not conclude that the electro-shock was the cause of death; nonetheless, some studies
have suggested a link between electro-chock and miscarriage and the city was sufficiently
concerned about these studies that it paid her $675,000 to settle her lawsuit.